2024 Author: Adelina Croftoon | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 02:07
We do not know how to become invisible or fly without aids, but still people are not as simple as they seem. Some of us are gifted with amazing properties that can be called superpowers, though not as obvious as that of the X-Men mutants.
As expected, any such ability can be both a gift and a curse. Some of them can be ignored for many years, and they manifest themselves in different ways. Here are 10 of the most shocking human abilities. Who knows, maybe you have one of them?
Super taste
Super taste is one of the most widespread abilities, which to one degree or another is possessed by about a quarter of all people.
Thanks to him, the taste of food becomes brighter several times, making sweet things sweeter, bitter - bitter, etc. In general, the super taste is manifested in women and residents of Asia, Africa and South America.
Experts estimate that about 25% of people have particularly sensitive taste buds, but they are not always aware of this.
For the first time, scientists began studying people with the so-called supertaste when they saw that they felt a little differently on ordinary foods. Super-tasting people dislike certain foods, such as Brussels sprouts and cabbage, grapefruit juice and coffee.
Golden blood
Golden blood is the blood of the rarest and most unusual group in which the Rh factor is "zero", that is, according to the Rh system, it does not contain any antigens.
Over the past half century, only forty people have been found with this type of blood, at the moment there are only nine alive. Therefore, it is used only in extreme situations.
Rh-zero is suitable for absolutely everyone, since it lacks any antigens in the Rh system, but its carriers can be saved only by the same "brother in golden blood".
Supervision
Tetrachromacy is a rare combination of genes that allows only 2-3% of women worldwide to see up to 100 million flowers, when ordinary people see only 1 million.
Primates, including humans - Trichromats are born with three types of cones in the eye (types responsible for red, green and blue, RGB). Tetrachromats are born with four types of cones, which provide them with such amazing vision.
The artist Concetta Antico is a tetrachromat, the owner of the "rainbow vision". She sees 100 times more colors than an ordinary person.
When most of us admire a buttercup, we just see a yellow flower. But the artist Concetta observes a number of additional shades around the edge of the flower, and tetrachromatism helps her in this.
So that Antico's abilities are not wasted, she paints vivid, impressionistic paintings of animals and landscapes. She also tries to teach other people to look at the colors around them in new ways.
Hyperelastic skin
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a genetic disorder of the connective tissues that affects the joints and skin.
The patient's skin can be stretched a few centimeters, but it returns to its normal position when released.
Pathological mobility in the joints is characteristic. Wide scars often form along the bony formations, especially the elbows, knees and shins. Small, hard, round nodules may develop under the skin and are visible on an x-ray.
Despite the possibility of various complications, patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome have a normal life expectancy, but the development of a complication (for example, a ruptured blood vessel) can be fatal.
Echolocation
The results of a study carried out by a group of Spanish scientists from the University of Alcalá de Henares suggest that humans have the ability to echolocate, which is a way of detecting objects by echoing sounds reflected from them.
As you know, this way of perceiving the surrounding reality is actively used by such animals as dolphins and bats, but now, with the help of the training program developed by the authors, any person can develop this skill.
According to the researchers, most of their discovery will be of interest to blind people, who will thus be able to acquire the ability to navigate in space.
In the course of the study in question, Spanish scientists studied the physical characteristics of various types of sound, trying to identify those that are suitable for use in echolocation.
As a result, it turned out that the closest to the ideal was the click produced by a sharp movement of the tongue back (not down) after pressing it against the hard palate directly behind the teeth. It is with the help of such sounds that a person, being trained properly, will be able to determine the distance to the objects around him.
It should be noted that the clicks described are the closest to those specific sounds that dolphins emit. True, any of these animals easily produces up to 200 clicks per second, while a person, due to his capabilities, is able to click no more than three or four times in the same time.
Eternal youth
Eternal youth sounds much better than it really is. A mysterious disease dubbed "Syndrome X" prevents a person from any sign of growing up.
A famous example is Brooke Megan Greenberg, who lived to be 20 years old and at the same time physically and mentally remained at the level of a two-year-old.
Brooke died in October 2013. The girl suffered from a rare disease unknown to science, manifested by a slowdown in the development of organs and systems. The reasons for the girl's death have not yet been identified.
At birth, she weighed only 1.8 kilograms, and a year later her weight was only 3.4 kilograms. At the age of 14, Brooke's weight was 7.2 kilograms, and his height stabilized at 76 centimeters. The girl repeatedly found herself on the verge of life and death, so at the age of 4 she fell into a 14-day sleep.
Doctors diagnosed her with a brain tumor and said that she would not live even 48 hours, but the girl regained consciousness two weeks later, and on a second examination it turned out that the tumor had resolved.
Brooke was examined in the most prestigious clinics in the United States, but they could not give her an official diagnosis.
Insensitive to pain
Pain insensitivity is a real disease that prevents the body from feeling pain, heat or cold. The ability is quite heroic, but thanks to it, a person can easily harm himself without realizing it and is forced to live very carefully.
The sad story of the Pete brothers is an excellent confirmation of the above. Little Americans were born with congenital insensitivity to pain.
Parents noticed something was wrong when one of the kids seriously injured his oral cavity: the child had teeth cut through, and he literally chewed his tongue with them.
By the way, the absence of lips or part of the tongue is a very common problem for people with a similar disease. In the clinic, pediatricians cauterized the baby's skin on the leg until a blister formed, pricked him with several large medical needles in the spine, but the little one did not even cry. The diagnosis became clear.
The life of two little boys who did not feel pain was complicated by the fact that they were born into a farmer's family. In rural areas, boys endlessly inflicted injuries on themselves, sometimes very serious ones (for example, open fractures). The guys skipped school and were constantly in the hospital.
As they matured, the brothers began to behave more cautiously. One of them, 31-year-old Steve, was very lucky with his marriage, because his wife carefully monitors the condition of her husband. “The last time I broke my toes, my wife realized it before I did,” he says. In addition, the man regularly undergoes medical examinations to make sure that everything is in order with the body. He begins to have arthritis, movement becomes difficult and there is a risk of losing his left leg. Meanwhile, Steve is optimistic.
Unfortunately, his brother's story is much sadder. Upon learning that in a few years he would be confined to a wheelchair, the man, who had previously been very fond of sports, hunting and fishing, committed suicide.
Indestructible bones
Even ordinary action heroes often display strange superpowers - as a rule, in the climactic scene, the protagonist is thrown from some high point, hit on the back with reinforcement bars, or thrown against the wall with all his urine.
A normal person in such a situation would at least receive several severe fractures - but the heroes each time rise as if nothing had happened.
It turns out that such invincibility can be inherited - along with a certain variation of the LRP5 gene, which is responsible for bone strength. Mutations that impair LRP5 function cause osteoporosis - but the opposite is true.
It was discovered by accident after an entire family from the Midwest was involved in a serious car accident. The victims left the scene without receiving a single fracture, which aroused great interest among scientists. Perhaps research into this mutation will help find a cure for osteoporosis.
"It is possible that mutations in this gene make osteocytes think they are not making enough mature bone," wrote lead study author Warman, a professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School.
Superpower
In 1997, scientists discovered a gene encoding myostatin, a protein that suppresses excess muscle tissue growth. By turning off this gene, scientists bred "supermice" - rodents with impressive muscle mass.
A random mutation in the myostatin gene has trampled Belgian fields since 1807, responsible for the constant build-up of muscle mass in Belgian blue cows and bulls. The result of the mutation is a walking "double set" of muscles weighing up to 1.5 tons (80% - lean muscles, practically without fat). The character is calm, the milk yield is excellent. Are born by cesarean section - they can get stuck in the birth canal.
In humans, myostatin-dependent muscle hypertrophy is extremely rare: In 2004, a boy was born in Berlin with a mutation in the myostatin gene. At the age of 5, he held dumbbells of 2, 25 kg on outstretched arms and looked much more muscular than his peers.
In 2005, a boy named Liam Hoekstra was born in Michigan at the eighth month. The mother abandoned the premature baby with a heart defect. Liam was adopted by a nurse and soon the heart defect grew.
The kid turned out to be strong - at 1, 5 years old he began to move furniture around the house and constantly wanted to eat. In the third year, a muscular stout man was found to have receptor resistance to myostatin (Liam's cells did not recognize a muscle growth blocker, which is even less common).
Absolute immunity
Absolute Immunity is one of the most useful special abilities, providing protection against most deadly ailments, including cancer and heart disease. This mutation has no drawbacks.
Unfortunately, today absolute immunity exists only in theory, but in practice any person needs one or another type of immunocorrection.
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